Weak Stability and a Bargaining Set for the Marriage Model

In this note we introduceweak stability, a relaxation of the concept of stability for the marriage model by assuming that the agents are no longer myopic in choosing a blocking pair. The new concept is based on threats within blocking pairs: an individually rational matching is weakly stable if for every blocking pair one of themembers can find a more attractive partner with whom he forms another blocking pair for the original matching. Our main result is that under the assumption of strict preferences, the set of weakly stable and weakly efficient matchings coincides with the bargaining set of Zhou (1994) for this context.matching;(weak) stability;bargaining set

The effects of contract detail and prior ties on contract change : a learning perspective

Despite the large literature on alliance contract design, we know little about how transacting parties change and amend their underlying contracts during the execution of strategic alliances. Drawing on existing research in the alliance contracting literature, we develop the empirical question of how contract detail and prior ties influence the amount, direction, and type of change in such agreements during the collaboration. We generated a sample of 115 joint ventures (JVs) by distributing a survey to JV board members or top managers and found that the amount of contract change is negatively associated with the level of detail in the initial contract but is positively associated with the number of prior ties between alliance partners. In relation to the direction of contract change, we find that the level of detail of the initial agreements negatively correlates with the likelihood of removing or weakening existing provisions and that prior collaborative experience positively correlates with the likelihood of strengthening of existing provisions or adding of new ones. We also find that prior ties affect the type of change in that JV parents prefer to change enforcement provisions more so than the coordination provisions in the contract. Our paper generates new insights on the complementarities between relational governance and transaction cost economics perspectives on alliance contracting

Characterizations of a Multi-Choice Value

A multi-choice game is a generalization of a cooperative game in which each player has several activity levels.This note provides several characterizations of the extended Shapley value as proposed by Derks and Peters (1993).Three characterizations are based on balanced contributions properties, inspired by Myerson (1980).

Tone-mapping functions and multiple-exposure techniques for high dynamic-range images

For real-time imaging with digital video cameras and high-quality with TV display systems, good tonal rendition of video is important to ensure high visual comfort for the user. Except local contrast improvements, High Dynamic Range (HDR) scenes require adaptive gradation correction (tone-mapping function), which should enable good visualization of details at lower brightness. We discuss how to construct and control improved tone-mapping functions that enhance visibility of image details in the dark regions while not excessively compressing the image in the bright image parts. The result of this method is a 21-dB expansion of the dynamic range thanks to improved SNR by using multiple- exposure techniques. This new algorithm was successfully evaluated in HW and outperforms the existing algorithms with 11 dB. The new scheme can be successfully applied to cameras and TV systems to improve their contrast

Adaptive tone-mapping transfer functions for high dynamic range video cameras

For real-time imaging with digital video cameras, good tonal rendition of video is important to ensure high visual comfort for the user. Except local contrast improvements, high dynamic range (HDR) scenes require adaptive gradation correction (tone-mapping curve) that should enable good visualization of details at lower brightness. We discuss how to construct and control optimal tone mapping curves, which enhance visibility of image details in the dark regions while not excessively compressing the image in the bright image parts. The result of this method is a 21 dB expansion of the dynamic range. The new algorithm was successfully evaluated in HW and is suited for any video system performing HDR video compression

Managing stakeholder involvement in decision-making

Initiatives to encourage and stimulate the involvement of citizens but also various societal organisations in decision-making can be seen in a wide variety of European countries. Citizens panels, citizens charters, new forms of participation and other forms are being used to increase the influence of citizens on decision making and to improve the relation between citizens and elected politicians. In the Netherlands a lot of local governments have experimented with interactive decision-making that is enhancing the influence of citizens and interest groups on public policy making. Main motives to involve stakeholders in interactive decision making are diminishing the veto power of various societal actors by involving them in decision making, improving the quality of decision making by using information and solutions of various actors and bridging the perceived growing cleavage between citizens and elected politicians. In this article six cases are being evaluated. The cases are compared on three dimensions: - the nature and organisation of participation - the way the process is managed (process management) - the relation with formal democratic institutions These organizational features (both in terms of formal organization and in terms of actual performance) are being compared with the results of the decision-making processes in the six cases. The article shows that the high expectations of interactive decision-making are not always met. It also shows that managing the interactions- in network theory called process management- is very important for achieving satisfactory outcomes

Characterizations of the Egalitarian Solution for Convex Games

The egalitarian solution for TU-games as introduced by Dutta and Ray [3] is studied. Two characterizations of the restriction of this solution to the class of convex games are given, using weak variants of the reduced game properties of Hart and Mas-Colell [6] and Davis and Maschler [5]. The other properties are a stability property, inspired by Selten [8], and a property restricting maximum payoffs. Further, a dual egalitarian solution is introduced and it is proved that for a convex game the egalitarian allocation is equal to the dual egalitarian allocation for its dual concave game.

The Impact Of Network Management On Outcomes In Governance Networks

__Abstract__ There is a large amount of literature and research on network management strategies. However, only a limited portion of this literature examines the relationship between network management strategies and outcomes (for an exception, see Meier and O'Toole 2001). Most of the research focuses on managerial activity or networking rather than on the question of which types of strategies matter the most for outcomes of complex processes in networks. This paper attempts to address the question of whether managerial strategies matter for outcomes and also explores which types of strategies have an effect on outcomes.The research is based on a survey sent to respondents involved in environmental projects in The Netherlands. The findings show that the number of employed network management strategies has a strong effect on perceived outcomes. The few variations in the effect of four constructed types of network management strategies found include exploring content, connecting, arranging, and process agreements